Database Management Systems & DBMSs

gore kadambari

Pakati pemapuratifomu etekinoroji atiinawo, iyo gore komputa inozviratidza neyakaomarara nzvimbo: kunyangwe kune rumwe rutivi ichigona kupa mikana mikuru, kune rumwe rutivi iko kunyongana kwakakura munzvimbo yainounzwa, nekudaro ichityisidzira indasitiri yechikamu.

Yatove pamabviro ayo, uye neimwe nzira yakabatanidzwa kutanga kubva kumakore gumi kusvika gumi nemashanu apfuura, tekinoroji yeruzivo yakazviratidza sesevhisi kune vashandisi, ndiko kuti, sechinhu chinodiwa kuburitsa kunze kwete mumba. Makombiyuta epakutanga akanga ari michina inodhura, mainframes, saka sangano harina kutenga muchina wose, asi rakabhadhara kuti riushandise uye rishandise purogiramu yaro yega; zvisinei, muchina wacho wakaramba uri mu "service centre" iyo yakapa kambani iyi mukana.

Neshanduko yetekinoroji ichi chinoomesera chasvika pakunyangarika: makambani saka akatamira pakugadzira software yemukati kana kutenga zvakafanana kubva kune vanehunyanzvi vatengesi. Zviri pachena kuti izvi zvakakonzera kuwandisa kwechikamu cheICT chemakambani akasiyana-siyana, zvikazoita kuti vatarisane nedambudziko rekuti sarudzo yekugadzira software yavo yaidhura zvakanyanya.

Makambani ekutanga kutarisana nedambudziko iri aive makambani makuru, ayo aive nechinangwa chekufambisa chikamu chose cheICT kunze, achiraira zvibvumirano zvekunze: network, maseva, kuchengetedza kwezuva nezuva, kuvandudzwa kwesoftware, akange asisina mabasa emukati ekambani. uye inogona kubatwa semamwe masevhisi, zvakare maererano nekutonga nekudzikisa mari.

Outsourcing yakabudirira nekuti yakakubvumidza iwe kuwana yakanakisa mhando sevhisi pamusika. Iyo kambani haina kukwanisa kuwana iyo hunhu, nekuti maonero ayo epasirese aive akaganhurirwa kune pachayo.

Zvakadaro, kuita uku kwaida humwe hunyanzvi hwemakambani mukupa zvibvumirano zvekutengesa kunze, kuitira kuti tive nechokwadi chemhando yemabasa akaoma zvikuru akatengwa. Naizvozvo, vanhu veICT-savvy vaidiwa vaigona kudzora kunaka kwesevhisi uye, saka, muchokwadi chete zvivakwa zvakazove zvisina basa mukati mekambani. Mukutora matekinoroji kubva kune vatengesi vekunze, zvisinei, pane mhedzisiro yakaipa: hazvibviri kuchengetedza mupi ari pasi pekutonga, iyo nekufamba kwenguva inotarisa kuderedza kunaka, kuunza kuoma uye kuwedzera mari.

Aya mafungire saka anosundidzira makambani kuti adzokere kumashure, kureva kuti ave nemadhipatimendi eIT, kana kugadzira makambani akabatana nemupi wekupa kunze, kuti akwanise kuchengetedza kutonga kwakanyanya pamusoro pesevhisi inopihwa uye software yevaridzi.

Uye zviri mugadziriro iyi kuti gore komputa.

Kubva pane imwe pfungwa yemaonero, iyo gore komputa yakazvarwa kubva pane zano regrid computing, ndiko kushandisa iyo simba yemakomputa akaparadzirwa pasi rose nenzira inobudirira, ndiko kushandisa zvisina kushandiswa. Pfungwa iyi yakatanga kushandiswa kugovera mimhanzi mafaera pamhepo, kuburikidza netiweki apo munhu wese ari mutengi uye sevha (Peer-to-Peer). Dambudziko neiyo dhizaini nderekuti hazvigoneke kutsvaga mugove maneja, sezvo zvisingaite kuona kuti ndeipi server kunobva data. dati.

Iyi mhinduro yakagoverwa yakashandiswawo mumunda wesainzi, kutsigira simba distributed computing. Nekudaro, inoda yakakwira homogeneity pakati pevashandisi, ichidzikamisa kusimudzira kwegridi komputa pachayo. Zvisinei neizvi, makambani ane nhamba huru yemasevha anotendeudzira kutarisisa kwavo kune grid, kunyangwe ichitungamirwa nezvido zvemusika zvakasununguka (funga nezve Google ed Amazon) Iyo grid computing musika parizvino iri kudzikira.

Pfungwa iri shure kwe gore computing ndeyekuti vashandisi vashandisi vemasevhisi, havaone maitirwo anoitwa sevhisi uye vanoshanda munzvimbo inoratidzwa nedhiraivha yekuona.

gore Computing VS Mainframe: Iwo akafanana nemafungiro, asi akasiyana zvakanyanya maererano nehardware.

gore Computing VS Grid: Haisisiri kushandisa iyo peer-to-peer pfungwa.

gore Computing VS Outsourcing: Iyo kambani haipe yayo yeruzivo system.

Iyo Hardware ye gore inowanzogadzirwa kuitira kuti iiswe mumudziyo we100, 1000, 2000 maseva anenge atogadziridzwa uye akazvimiririra, akagadzirira kuiswa "pakutengesa".

Iyo modularization yenzvimbo dzedata inobvumira yakaparadzana uye yakareruka manejimendi muchikamu chekuchengetedza, kunyanya tichifunga kuti, kuve nemichina yakafanana, kudzoreredza kwe backup kunoderedzwa kusvika panguva yekuchinjisa dati.

Il gore komputa yakanakira kutanga, nekuti hapana chikonzero chekutarisa kutama kubva kune ekare masisitimu, ayo anowanzo kudhura zvakanyanya. The logic ye gore Komputa ndeyechokwadi yakavakirwa pane iyo pfungwa yekubhadhara-per-kushandisa, kana kuita kuti vanhu vabhadhare vatengi mari inoenzanirana nezviwanikwa zvavanoshandisa. Zvishandiso zvinopihwa ipapo neiyo zvivakwa, saka kushandiswa kwezviwanikwa kune simba uye kunoenderana chete nezvinodiwa zvenguva yacho. Izvi zvinokutendera iwe kuve nemitengo uye kukura zvine simba pamwe chete nezvinodiwa nekambani.

Kubva pakuona kwehupfumi, mumamiriro ezvinhu apo kushandiswa kwe gore komputa haina kumanikidzwa, pane bhenefiti inosiyana pakati pe30% ne70% yekambani. Zvisinei, panogona kuva nezvipingamupinyi, izvo zvinounza imwe mari, yakadai sekuda kwekutsvaga i dati (nekuda kwekuvanzika kana zvikonzero zvemutemo), kana kukosha kwekugadzirisa masevhisi.

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