Cloud Computing
Phakathi kwamapulatifomu ezobuchwepheshe esinawo, i ifu i-computing iziveza ngezindawo eziqinile: nakuba ngakolunye uhlangothi inganikeza amathuba amahle, ngakolunye uhlangothi iwukuguquguquka okuphawulekayo endaweni eyethulwa kuyo, ngaleyo ndlela isongela imboni yomkhakha.
Kakade kusukela lapho ivela khona, futhi ngendlela ehlanganiswe kakhudlwana kusukela eminyakeni eyi-10-15 edlule, ubuchwepheshe bolwazi buziveze njengensizakalo kubasebenzisi, okungukuthi, njengomthombo ongcono kunokukhishwa kwangaphakathi kunendlu. Amakhompiyutha akudala ayeyimishini ebizayo, ama-mainframes, ngakho-ke inhlangano ayizange iwuthenge wonke umshini, kodwa yakhokhela ukuwuqhuba nokusebenzisa isofthiwe yayo; kodwa-ke, umshini wahlala "esikhungweni sesevisi" esanikeza inkampani lokhu okungenzeka.
Ngokuthuthuka kobuchwepheshe lesi sici esibucayi sesishabalala: ngakho-ke izinkampani zathuthela ekwakhiweni kwesoftware yangaphakathi noma ukuthengwa okufanayo kubahlinzeki abakhethekile. Ngokusobala lokhu sekuholele ekutheni ingxenye ye-ICT yezinkampani ezehlukene idlondlobale, igcine iholele ekutheni zibhekane nenkinga yokuthi ukukhetha ukukhiqiza isoftware yazo kwakubiza kakhulu.
Izinkampani zokuqala ezabhekana nale nkinga kwakuyizinkampani ezinkulu, empeleni ezazihlose ukuhambisa sonke isigaba se-ICT ngaphandle, ezibeka izinkontileka zokukhishwa kwangaphandle: amanethiwekhi, amaseva, ukugcinwa kwansuku zonke, ukuthuthukiswa kwesofthiwe, kwakungaseyona imisebenzi yangaphakathi yenkampani. futhi ingaphathwa njenganoma iyiphi enye isevisi, futhi mayelana nokulawula nokwehliswa kwezindleko.
Ukukhishwa kwemisebenzi kwaba yimpumelelo ngoba kuvumele ukuthi uthole isevisi yekhwalithi engcono kakhulu emakethe. Inkampani ayikwazanga ukufeza leyo mfanelo, ngoba umbono wayo wezwe wawunqunyelwe yona ngokwayo.
Kodwa-ke, le nqubo yayidinga ikhono elithile engxenyeni yezinkampani ekunikezeni izinkontileka zokukhishwa kwemisebenzi, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ikhwalithi yalezo zinsizakalo eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ezathengwa. Ngakho-ke, kwakudingeka abantu abanolwazi lwe-ICT ababengakwazi ukulawula ikhwalithi yesevisi, ngakho-ke, empeleni ingqalasizinda kuphela empeleni eyaba ngokungadingekile ngaphakathi kwenkampani. Ekwamukeleni ubuchwepheshe obuvela kubahlinzeki bangaphandle, nokho, kunomphumela omubi: akunakwenzeka ukugcina umhlinzeki engaphansi kokulawula, okuthi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kuvame ukunciphisa ikhwalithi, ukwethula ukuqina nokwandisa izindleko.
Lokhu kucatshangelwa ngakho-ke kucindezela izinkampani ukuthi zibuyele emuva, okungukuthi zibe ngabanikazi beminyango ye-IT, noma zenze izinkampani ngokuhlanganyela nomphakeli lapho zizonikezwa khona izimpahla zangaphandle, ukuze zikwazi ukugcina ukulawula okukhulu kwesevisi ehlinzekwayo kanye nesofthiwe yobunikazi.
Futhi kulo hlaka ukuthi i ifu ikhompuyutha.
Ngokombono womqondo, i ifu i-computing yazalwa ngombono we-grid computing, okungukuthi ukusebenzisa i- amandla yekhompyutha esatshalaliswa emhlabeni wonke ngendlela ephumelelayo, okusho ukuxhaphaza okungasetshenzisiwe. Lo mbono usetshenziswa ekuqaleni ekwabelaneni ngamafayela omculo ku-inthanethi, ngokusebenzisa amanethiwekhi lapho wonke umuntu eyiklayenti kanye neseva (Peer-to-Peer). Inkinga ngalesi sakhiwo ukuthi akunakwenzeka ukuthola umphathi wesabelo, njengoba kungenakwenzeka ukucacisa ukuthi iyiphi iseva lapho idatha ivela khona. idatha.
Lesi sixazululo esisabalalisiwe siphinde sasetshenziswa emkhakheni wesayensi, ukusekela amandla ikhompuyutha esabalalisiwe. Kodwa-ke, idinga i-homogeneity ephezulu phakathi kwabasebenzisi, ikhawulela ukuthuthukiswa kwe-grid computing ngokwayo. Naphezu kwalokhu, izinkampani ezinenani elikhulu lamaseva ziphendulela ukunaka kwazo kugridi, nakuba ziqhutshwa izidingo zemakethe ezizimele ngokuphelele (cabanga -Google ed Amazon). Imakethe yekhompyutha yegridi iyehla njengamanje.
Umqondo ngemuva ifu i-computing iwukuthi abasebenzisi bangabasebenzisi bezinsizakalo, ababoni ukuthi isevisi yenziwa kanjani futhi basebenza endaweni ene-virtualization drive.
Cloud I-Computing VS Mainframe: Ziyafana ngokomqondo, kodwa zihluke kakhulu ngokwehardware.
Cloud I-Computing VS Grid: Ayisekho ukusebenzisa umqondo wontanga kuya kontanga.
Cloud I-Computing VS Outsourcing: Inkampani ayinikezi isistimu yayo yolwazi.
I-hardware ye- ifu ivamise ukwenziwa ukuze ibekwe esitsheni samaseva angu-100, 1000, 2000 asevele elungiselelwe futhi apholile ngokuzenzakalelayo, alungele ukufakwa “endalini”.
I-modularization yezikhungo zedatha ivumela ukuphathwa okuhlukile nokwenza lula esigabeni sokusekelayo, ikakhulukazi uma kucatshangelwa ukuthi, ngokuba nemishini efanayo, ukutholwa kwesipele kuncishiswa kube isikhathi sokudlulisa. idatha.
Il ifu i-computing ilungele ukuqalisa, ngoba asikho isidingo sokuphatha ukufuduka kusuka kumasistimu amadala, okuvame ukubiza kakhulu. Umqondo we Cloud I-Computing empeleni isuselwe kumqondo wokukhokha ngakunye, noma ukwenza abantu bakhokhe amakhasimende inani elilingana nezinsiza ezizisebenzisayo. Izinsiza zinikezwa ingqalasizinda ngokushesha, ngakho ukusetshenziswa kwezinsiza kuyashintshashintsha futhi kuncike kuphela ezidingweni zaleso sikhathi. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi uqukathe izindleko futhi ukhule ngokuguquguqukayo kanye nezidingo zenkampani.
Ngokombono wezomnotho, ezimweni lapho ukusetshenziswa kwe ifu ukusebenzisa ikhompuyutha akuvimbeli, kunenzuzo ehluka phakathi kuka-30% no-70% wenkampani. Nokho, kungase kube nezithiyo, ezethula izindleko ezengeziwe, njengesidingo sokuthola i idatha (ngezizathu zobumfihlo noma zomthetho), noma isidingo sokwenza ngokwezifiso amasevisi.
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