I-UPS ihamba phambili emhlabeni kwezokuthutha ngamaphasela.
Ngezansi kunencazelo yokuhlanganiswa phakathi kwezici ezihlukahlukene (ukubambisana / inhlangano / amasistimu).
Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi, uma kubhekwa ubukhulu benkampani, uhlobo lwebhizinisi layo kanye nenani lobuchwepheshe eyamukelayo, incazelo ephelele ibiyobe yeqe kakhulu imikhawulo ebekwe kulo mbiko; ngakho-ke sizozama ukunikeza isifinyezo sezici eziyinhloko.
Ukuhlanganiswa
Ukuhlanganiswa kokuqala phakathi kwezingxenye okungakhulunywa ngazo yilokho phakathi kwesistimu nenhlangano. I-UPS yinkampani enkulu, kodwa babenombono ongaphambili wokuklama eyabo zisuka nje isisekelo sedatha njengenhlangano emaphakathi ne-monolithic. Isikhungo saseNew Jersey - njengamawele aso aseGeorgia, kunjalo - siphethe inqwaba database eziqukethe (phakathi kolunye ulwazi):
i idatha zokuphatha abasebenzi;
i idatha, olusha ngesikhathi sangempela, ezinqolobaneni nasezintweni zokuthutha ezisetshenziswayo, ezisatshalaliswa kunethiwekhi yezokuthutha ezihlukene;
ulwazi ngezinkampani zozakwethu ei amakhasimende (eyakamuva ibuye yabuyekeza isikhathi sangempela, ngokusekelwe olwazini oluvela kumatheminali e-DIAD kanye nesayithi internet);
i idatha ukudweba izitatimende zezimali (ibhalansi, isitatimende semali engenayo, njll.).
Njengenkampani opera ngisho nangaphandle kwe-United States, ezinye izici nazo zasakazwa phesheya. Isibonelo yi- isisekelo sedatha ukuphathwa kwabasebenzi, ngokwemvelo yakho kuhlanganiswe nezinhlelo zokuhlaziya ukusebenza komnotho: izindleko zabasebenzi nezokusebenza zigcinwa kuzo database kazwelonke, kodwa ulwazi luhlanganiswa ngezikhathi ezithile futhi luguqulelwe emalini yase-US; noma yimiphi imisebenzi emelene nokukhiqiza iyahlonzwa futhi ixazululwe ngesikhathi esifushane. Isidingo sokuzenzakalela ukulandelela izindleko sinike i-UPS amandla okwenza ezinye izinqubo ngokuzenzakalela, okuhlanganisa ukukhiqizwa kwabakhokhelwayo.
Ukuphathwa kwamashifu nezikhathi zokuphumula nakho kuye kwenziwa i-semi-automated: abasebenzi bahlukaniswe ngezigaba database ngokusekelwe ohlotsheni lwendima, ikharikhulamu kanye nesifunda sendawo (sizobona endimeni elandelayo ukuthi lokhu vele kuyimele kanjani into.
i-ontology); isicelo seholide - okumele senziwe kusenesikhathi - sifakwa kwisofthiwe ehambisa imvume yohlelo kuzinhloko zemboni. Lo mshini, osebenza kahle kakhulu ephepheni, uholele ekusungulweni kwecala le-UPS ngabasebenzi, ngoba belingaguquguquki nganoma iyiphi indlela kubantu ababhekene nezithiyo noma ukukhubazeka nganoma iyiphi indlela.
I idatha okuhlobene nezindawo zokugcina izimpahla kanye nezinto zokuthutha kuyinhliziyo yebhizinisi le-UPS, eliphila ngokusebenza kahle kwezinsizakalo zayo ngokungakhiqizi impahla. Yonke isofthiwe idalwe yinkampani ngokwayo eminyakeni engamashumi amabili edlule futhi ihlanganiswe kakhulu: zonke zibhekisela okufanayo isisekelo sedatha futhi kunokugeleza okuqhubekayo kolwazi oluya noma olubuya ezicelweni.
Isibonelo, lapho ikhasimende licela ukuthunyelwa kwephakheji, ulwazi lwalo luyafakwa - kusukela ekuqaleni noma njengesibuyekezo - (ikakhulukazi izithenjwa zokukhokha, eziqinisekiswa ngamasevisi e-interfacing nezinhlelo zamabhange). idatha yephasela (indawo yokulanda kanye nokudiliva, enye indawo engaba khona uma ingaqoqwa, izindleko zokuthumela zibalwe ngokuzenzakalelayo futhi zamukelwe ikhasimende, njll.). Ikhredithi ikhiqizwa khona manjalo ngemva kokutholwa yisistimu yokuqinisekisa ukulethwa (kufike kusuka kutheminali ye-DIAD).
Ukukhiqizwa kwe-oda kuphinde kucuphe ukwakhiwa kwerekhodi ohlelweni lokuphatha ukuthunyelwa, okubandakanya isaziso kubaqhubi abahilelekile. Uhlelo lwe-UPS lokusekela izinto lunakekela ukuthunyelwa kwamaphakheji ngokugcwele, kokubili ngokomzila omncane othathwe amaveni namaphakheji athuthwa ngawo, futhi kucatshangelwa ama-opharetha atholakalayo ngesisekelo sohlelo olushiwo ngenhla lweholide nokuphumula. Lezi zonke izibonelo zezinga eliphezulu lokudidiyela elizuzwa izinhlelo zenkampani.
Njengoba sekuvele kugqanyisiwe kumbhalo odlule, futhi njengoba kuvela kulokho osekushiwo kuze kube manje ekuhambeni kwe idatha kusukela ezizweni ezingaphandle kuze kube database isikhungo, kwenziwa umsebenzi omkhulu wokugcinwa kwempahla. I-UPS ine-a database yamaterabhayithi ambalwa ahlala umtapo wolwazi wokusebenza (OIL), iqoqo elikhulu le idatha, ehlelwe ngamaleveli ahlukene embudumbudu, efingqa imisebenzi yeqembu. I-OIL yaqale yazalelwa ukuze kuthuthukiswe inhlangano yangaphakathi enhlabathini yaseMelika kanye nokuhlela amasu esikhathini esifushane, kodwa kusukela ngo-1999 ihlanganisa lonke ulwazi mayelana nomsebenzi wamaplanethi futhi kusukela ekuqaleni kwawo-2000 kuphela lapho isetshenziselwa ukuhlanganiswa kwe-software. ubuhlakani kanye nokucubungula kokuhlaziya okuku-inthanethi.
I idatha ama-aggregate kungaboniswana nabaphathi benhlangano; njengoba kushiwo komunye umbhalo, eziningi idatha of granularity emihle kakhulu nazo zenziwa kufinyeleleke nge API by amakhasimende, isibonelo ulwazi ngesimo sento eyodwa ethunyelwe. THE amakhasimende ngokwabo bangahlanganisa lolu lwazi ezinhlelweni zabo kalula kakhulu ngenxa yokwamukelwa okuhlelekile kwe-UPS kwamazinga avulekile.
Njengoba kuchaziwe komunye umbhalo, i-UPS inekhomishini eyenza izinto ezintsha zobuchwepheshe, iqoqe iziphakamiso kubasebenzi. Imibono ithunyelwa ngesicelo sewebhu, esingasetshenziswa nge-intranethi yenkampani.
I-ontology yokuhlanganiswa
Ekuqageleni i-ontology ngemuva kokuhlanganiswa kwe-UPS, umuntu angaqala kubadlali abathintekayo ebhizinisini lakhe eliyinhloko: ezokuthutha ngamaphasela. Ngakho-ke, sinePhakheji yekilasi, ithuthwa isuka endaweni eyodwa iye kwenye; ezokuthutha zingacatshangwa ngobudlelwano obubili "transportFrom" kanye "transportTo", uma eyodwa ingabandakanyi
ukumodela ukulethwa kwamanye amazwe kanye ne-multimodal. Iphasela lingaba nezigatshana ezimbalwa ezikhethekile - kuye ngezici zayo - futhi kufanele libe nendawo esheshayo, elandela i-geolocation.
Iphakheji ngokuvamile ithunyelwa yikhasimende; uma kucatshangelwa ububanzi bezinsiza ze-UPS - ezingabandakanyi ukuthuthwa kwamaphasela kuphela - kufanele kuqashelwe kakhulu incazelo yezigaba ezitholiwe kanye nezici. Noma iyiphi isevisi enikezwayo, yanoma yiluphi uhlobo, ihilela "ukusebenza" kwe-oda yezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene, njengokuthunyelwa.
Kungenzeka ukuthi ikhasimende liphinde libe ngumhlinzeki. I-ontology ingachaza i-super-class of aggregation CompanyPartner uma ibona ukuthi ngesikhathi esisodwa iyinkampani yohlobo Lwekhasimende Nomphakeli, noma uma yenze okungenani ukunikezwa okukodwa kanye ne-oda okungenani elilodwa.
UBig Brown, njengoba abizwa kanjalo ngejagoni ye-UPS, ikakhulukazi yakhiwe izinhlangano Zabasebenzi ezihlelwe ngesakhiwo esikhulu nesihlukahlukene sokulandelana (Ishadi Lenhlangano). Nalapha futhi, ukwakheka kufanele kube okunembile, kugcizelelwe ikakhulukazi izici ezihlobene nesikhala/isikhathi: isisebenzi sizosebenza esifundeni esinembile, noma kunalokho ukuhlanganiswa kwezindawo kunethiwekhi yomhlaba, sizohlanganisa Uhlaka Lwezikhathi olunembe phakathi Nesonto Lakhe Lokusebenza. njalonjalo. I-ontology yalolu hlobo izokwenza kube lula kakhulu ukwenza iziqondiso ezizenzakalelayo ekukhiqizeni amashifu okuphumula. Ngokumodela ngokwanele izici ezithile ezifana neziqu, izihloko, amarekhodi ensizakalo kanye neminyaka yokusebenza, abaphathi banikezwa ithuba lokuhlola ngobuningi - kanye nangokwekhwalithi - ukuhlola ukusebenza kwabasebenzi.
Eziningi zalezi idatha sezivele zikhona ezinhlelweni zefa le-UPS, ezigcinwe ngaphakathi kwe database yethulwe emashumini amabili eminyaka edlule. Okunye kungase kuvele "ekubukeni" okulungile kusizindalwazi noma ngemisebenzi yokumba idatha.
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