Paetukutuku Tukutuku Ipurangi he whare raka, kotahi Kamupene pūmanawa me tetahi kamupene whanaketanga raupaparorohiko.
Whare Pūmanawa
He aha nga whare raka
una whare raka he kamupene motuhake ki te whanaketanga rorohiko. Ko enei kamupene e hoahoa ana, e hanga ana, e tohatoha ana i nga momo otinga rorohiko mo kiritaki rangatōpū, tūmataiti ranei.
Nga momo ratonga e tukuna ana
- Whanaketanga rorohiko ritenga: Hoahoa me te hanga i nga raupaparorohiko i hangaia, i runga i nga hiahia motuhake o te kaihoko.
- Te whanaketanga tono paetukutuku: Nga hanga tono ka taea te uru ma nga kaitirotiro paetukutuku (paetukutuku matatini, e-tauhokohoko, turanga ipurangi).
- Whanaketanga o taupānga pūkoro: Te hanga tono mo nga taputapu pūkoro penei i nga waea atamai me nga papa.
- Kaitohutohu Pūmanawa: Tautoko me nga ratonga tohutohu mo nga kamupene mo te kowhiringa o nga otinga rorohiko, te whakapai ake i nga mahi, te whakauru i nga punaha.
- Te tiaki me te whakahou: Te tautoko hangarau e haere tonu ana mo nga raupaparorohiko o naianei, nga whakahou, nga whakatika iro.
Pehea ta ratou mahi whare raka
Ko te tukanga whanaketanga pūmanawa i roto i whare raka te tikanga ka whai i enei kaupae:
- Ko nga whakaritenga kohikohi: Te tātari i te mahi tahi me te kaihoko ki te tautuhi i nga mahi motuhake me nga ahuatanga me whai i te rorohiko.
- Hoahoa: Te waihangatanga o te hoahoanga rorohiko, te tautuhi me pehea te whakariterite i nga momo waahanga me nga waahanga.
- Whanaketanga: Ka tuhia e te hunga hötaka he waehere.
- Whakamātautau: Wāhanga taketake: he maha nga momo whakamatautau ka mahia hei tautuhi i nga raru, nga hapa me nga mahi kino.
- Whakatinana: Te whakaurunga me te whirihoranga o te rorohiko ki te pae o te kaihoko.
- Tiaki: Te whakarato i nga tautoko me nga whakahou hei whakarite i te mahi tika o te rorohiko i roto i te waa.
Nga ahuatanga o whare raka
- Te whānuitanga o nga pukenga: Ka mahi ratou i nga tohunga ngaio me nga korero rereke: nga kaiwhakawhanake, kaiwhakahaere kaupapa, kaitätari, tohunga kounga me te whakamatautau.
- Ngawari: Ka urutau ki nga hiahia motuhake o kiritaki, he maha nga wa e tuku ana i nga tauira mahi tahi rereke.
- Arotahi ki te auahatanga: Ka whakangao ratou ki te rangahau me te whakawhanaketanga kia noho tonu ki nga hangarau hou ka puta ake, me te tuku otinga tino matatau.
Le whare raka he tino hoa mahi ratou mo nga kamupene o nga waahanga katoa, e tautoko ana i a raatau ki te whakawhanake i nga otinga rorohiko hei whakapai ake i te pai, te hua me te whakataetae.
Te hitori me te whanaketanga o nga whare rorohiko
Nga takenga:
- Ko te tuatahi whare raka i whanau mai i nga tau 50 me te 60, i te taenga mai o nga rorohiko matua matua tuatahi.
- I taua wa, he mahinga uaua, he utu nui te whanaketanga rorohiko, ka uru ki nga kamupene nui anake.
- Ko te tuatahi whare raka i aro nui ratou ki te hanga rorohiko mo nga tono putaiao me te miihini.
Te tipu me te horahanga:
- I nga tau 70 me 80, na te horapa o nga rorohiko iti me nga rorohiko whaiaro, ka kaha ake te uru atu ki te whanaketanga rorohiko.
- He maha nga mea hou i whanau mai whare raka, i tuku i nga momo momo rorohiko mo nga tono rereke.
- I roto i tenei waa, ka horahia te kaupapa o te rorohiko "waho-te-papa", ara ko te rorohiko kua oti te takai, kua rite hoki ki te whakamahi.
Te wa o ipurangi:
- L'avvento di ipurangi i te tekau tau 90 i huri ai te ao o whare raka.
- Le whare raka i timata ratou ki te hanga tono tukutuku me nga rorohiko mo te whakawhitiwhiti ipurangi.
- Ko te whakamahi i nga punaha punaha tuwhera, ara, ko nga rorohiko me nga waehere punaha e waatea ana me te whakarereke, ka horahia ano.
Nga rohe hou:
- I nga tau tata nei, me te taenga mai o kapua rorohiko me nga taputapu pūkoro, kua kaha ake te uru atu me te ngawari o te whanaketanga rorohiko.
- Le whare raka kei te hanga tono hou mo te kapua, mo nga taputapu pūkoro me teIpurangi o nga mea (IoT).
- tetohunga mohio me te akoranga mīhini kei te piki haere nga hangarau nui mo te whanaketanga rorohiko.
Ko etahi tohu tohu:
- 1955: Kua whanau te tuatahi whare raka, te Kamupene Whakamahi Rorohiko (CUC).
- 1975: I whanau a Microsoft.
- 1983: I whanau a Lotus Development Corporation.
- 1995: I whanau a Netscape Communications.
- 2004: Whanau Facebook.
- 2007: Kua whanau te iPhone.
- 2010: Whanau Google App Engine.
Le whare raka kua whai waahi nui ki te whanaketanga o te hangarau korero me te hangarau. I awhina ratou ki te hanga i te rorohiko e whakamahia ana e matou i ia ra ki te mahi, ki te whakawhitiwhiti korero, ki te takaro, ki te whakangahau i a matou ano.
Whare rorohiko: nga waahi whakahaere
Paetukutuku Tukutuku Ipurangi ka whakahaere i ana mahi whare raka, i roto i nga waahanga whakahaere e whai ake nei:
- Lombardy : Milano, Bergamo, Brescia, como, Cremona, Lecco, Lodi, Mantova, Monza Tuhinga o mua Brianza, Pavia, Sondrio, varese;
- Abruzzo : Chieti, TeAkuira, Pescara, Teramo;
- Basilicata : Matera, Potenza;
- Calabria : Catanzaro, Cosenza, Crotone, Reggio Calabria, Vibo Valentia;
- Campania : Avellino, Benevento, Caserta, Naples, Salerno;
- Emilia Romagna : Bologna, Ferrara, Forlì, Cesena, Modena, Parma, Piacenza, Ravenna, Reggio Emilia, Rimini;
- Friuli Venezia Giulia : Koroora, Pordenone, Trieste, Udine;
- Lazio : Frosinone, Latina, Rieti, Roma, Poerewa;
- Liguria : Genoa, Imperia, la Spezia, Savona;
- Poutu-te-rangi : Ancona, Ascoli Piceno, Kati, Macerata, ka paunatia e ahau, Urbino;
- Molise : Campobasso, Isernia;
- Piedmont : Alessandria, Asti, Biella, Cuneo, Novara, Turin, Verbano, Cusio, Ossola, Vercelli;
- Puglia : Bari, Paretata, Andria, Trani, Brindisi, Foggia, Lecce, Taranto;
- Sardegna : Cagliari, Kararehe, Nga hahi, Waenga Campidano, nuoro, Ogliastra, Olbia, Hiero, Oristano, Sasari;
- Sicilia : Agrigento, Caltanissetta, Catania, enna, Messina, Palermo, Ragusa, Siracusa, Trapani;
- Tuscany : Arezzo, Florence, Grosseto, Livorno, Lucca, Maha, Carrara, Pisa, Pistoia, Prato, Siena;
- Trentino Alto Adige : Bolzano, Trento;
- Umbria : Perugia, Terni;
- Valle d'Aosta : Aosta;
- Veneto : Belluno, Padua, I rovigo, Treviso, Venice, Verona, Vicenza;
- Svizzera : Canton of Appenzell waho, Canton of Appenzell Roto, Canton of Aargau, Canton of Basel Taiwhenua, Canton of Basel Taone, Canton of Bern, Canton of Fribourg, Canton of Geneva, Canton of Jura, Canton of Glarus, Canton of Grisons, Canton of Lucerne, Canton of Nidwalden, Canton of Neuchatel, Canton of Obwalden, Canton of St. Gallen, Canton of Schaffhausen, Canton of Solothurn, Canton of Schwyz, Canton of Thurgau, Canton of Uri, Canton of Valais, Canton of Vaud, Canton of Zug, Canton of Zurich, Kanton Ticino.
Paetukutuku Tukutuku Ipurangi ka whakahaere i ana mahi whare raka, i roto i Kanton Ticino :
- rohe o mendrisio me nga porowhita o mendrisio, tohorā, Caneggio, pūmau e Riva San Vitale;
- rohe o Lugano me nga porowhita o Lugano ko, Lugano uru, Lugano raki, Ceresium, Paradiso, Magliasina, Agno, Sesa, sonvico, Vezia, Bren, Pregassona, Capriasca e whare inu:
- rohe o Locarno me nga porowhita o Locarno, Moutere o te roto o Maggiore, Onsernon, Gambarogno, Aporo, Waka e Verzasca;
- rohe o Vallemaggia me nga porowhita o rovana, maggia e Lavizzara;
- rohe o bellinzone me nga porowhita o bellinzone, Ticino me Giubiasco;
- rohe Riviera me te karapu Riviera;
- rohe o Blenium me nga porowhita o Serravalle, Aquarossa e Blenium;
- rohe o Rewenitini me nga porowhita o Giornico, faido, Quinto e Airolo.
Whare rorohiko, kei te maakete o te ao
Paetukutuku Tukutuku Ipurangi ka whakahaere i ana mahi whare raka i roto i nga waahi whakahaere e whai ake nei o te mākete ā-ao: Taone nui o New York, Los Angeles, Chicago, Houston, Filadelfia, Phoenix, San Antonio, San Diego, Dallas, San Jose, Indianapolis, San Francisco, Detroit, ElPaso, Seattle, Boston, Washington, Sacramento, Atlanta, Raleigh, Taone nui o New York, Los Angeles, Chicago, Houston, Filadelfia, Phoenix, San Antonio, San Diego, Dallas, San Jose, Indianapolis, San Francisco, Detroit, ElPaso, Seattle, Boston, Washington, Sacramento, Atlanta, Raleigh; Kanata: Toronto, Montréal, Calgary, Ottawa, Eromitana, missisauga, Winnipeg, Vancouver; United Kingdom : Londra, Glasgow, Sheffield, Liverpool, Manchester, Bristol, Leeds, Birmingham; Europe: Londra, Berlin, Madrid, Roma, Paris, Bucarest, Vienna, Hamburg, Budapest, Warsaw, Barcelona, Monaco, Milano, Sofia, Prague, Bruxelles, Birmingham, Koroni, Naples, Stockholm, Turin, Marseille, Amsterdam, Zagreb, Valencia, Moscow, Düsseldorf;
Nga taone nui o te ao: Tokyo, Shanghai, Jakarta, Delhi, Seoul, Istanbul, Karachi, Tokyo, Guangzhou, Mumbai, Moscow, St. Paora, Rarangi, Delhi, Jakarta, Kinshasa, Seoul, Mexico City, Londra, New York, Bangalore, Ho Chi Minh, Lima, Hanoi, Bogota, Tehran, Hong Kong, Bangkok, Dhaka, Kairo, Rio de Janeiro, Caracas, Baghdad, St. Petersburg, Riad, Calcutta, Singapore, Santiago, Sydney, Tuhinga, Chennai, Melbourne, Yangon, Tuhinga o mua, Shenyang, Hyderabad, Los Angeles, Ahmedabad, Ankara, Johannesburg, Wuhan, Yokohama, Abidjan, Busan, Cape Town, Durban, hoatu, Jeddah, Berlin, Casablanca, Pyongyang, Kanpur, Madrid, Jaipur, Nairobi, Faisalabad, Ürümqi, Brasilia, Salvador, Buenos Aires, Roma, Chicago, Fortaleza, Chittagong, Belo Horizonte, Toronto; United Kingdom : Aberdeen, Basingstoke, Patehepa, Belfast, Birmingham, Brighton, Bristol, Bromley, Cambridge, Cardiff, Edinburgh, Exeter, Gateshead, Glasgow, Tutu, Greenhithe, Kingston on Thames, Leeds, Leicester, Liverpool, London, Manchester, Milton Keynes, Newcastle i runga i Tyne, Norwich, Plymouth, pānui, Sheffield, Solihull, Southampton, Watford; Te Rohe Nui o Ahitereiria: Canberra, South Australia, Rundle Place, New South Wales here, Broadway, Whare Taonga, Charlestown, Whakahokohoro Tiaki, Wharerangi, Miranda, Penrith, Sydney, Kuini:Brisbane , Carindale, Tae, Robina, Victoria, Pohaka, Southland, Doncaster, Kuwhera Puna; Ateria: Vienna, Belgium: Brussels, Brazil:Barra da Tijuca, São Paulo, Kanata: Alberta (Kanata), Calgary, Edmonton, British Columbia (Kanata) Burnaby,Coquitlam, Richmond, Surrey, Vancouver, Manitoba (Kanata), Winnipeg, Nova Scotia (Kanata), Halifax, Ontario (Kanata),Burlington, London, Markham, Mississauga, He Retaata, Ottawa, Toronto, Waterloo, Quebec (Kanata),Kaitara, Mökai, Montreal, Ko Pointe-Claire, Quebec City; United Arab Emirates: Abu Dhabi, Dubai; France : Aix-en-Provence, Porau, Dijon, Te Chesnay, Rūtene, Lille, Lyon, Marne-la-Vallee, Marseilles, Montpellier, Nice, Paris, Puteaux: la Paruru, Rosny-Sous-Bois, Hato Herblain, Strasbourg, Velizy-Villacoublay; Germania : Augsburg, Berlin, Cologne, Dresden, Düsseldorf, Frankfurt, Hamburg, Hanover, Munich, Oberhausen, Sindelfingen, Koruruku; Spagna : Awa o te Encomienda, Arroyomolinos, Barcelona, Churra, Leganés, Majadahonda, Marbella, Valencia, Zaragoza, Svezia: Helsingborg, Malmö, Taby; Svizzera Basel, Geneva, Glattzentrum bei Wallisellen, Zurich. Paetukutuku Tukutuku Ipurangi mahi i te United States o Amerika. Paetukutuku Tukutuku Ipurangi mahi i Canada. Paetukutuku Tukutuku Ipurangi mahi Europe; Albania: Tirana; Germania: Berlin; Ānatōra: Andorra la Vella; Ateria: Vienna; Belgium: Bruxelles; Peraruhia: Minsk; Bosnia Herzegovina: Sarajevo; Bulgaria: Sofia; Croatia: Zagreb; Denmark: Copenhagen; Awherakia: Bratislava; Slovenia: Ljubljana; Spagna: Madrid; Estonia: Tallinn; Finlandia: Helsinki; France: Paris; Kariki: Te Atene; Hungary: Budapest; Ireland: Dublin; Tiorangi: Reykjavik; Latvia: Riga; Liechtenstein: Vaduz; Lithuania: Vilnius; Luxembourg: Luxembourg; Malta: Valletta; Morotōria: Chisinau; Monaco: Monaco; Montenegro: Podgorica; Norway: Oslo; Paesi bassi: Amsterdam; Poroni: Warsaw; Portugal: Lisbon; United Kingdom: Londra; Czech Republic: Prague; Republic of Makeronia: Skopje; Romania: Bucarest; San Marino: San Marino; Serbia: Tuhinga; Svezia: Stockholm; Svizzera: Lugano, Canton of Ticino, bellinzone, Locarno, mendrisio, Chiasso, Bern; Ukraine: Kiev; Paetukutuku Tukutuku Ipurangi mahi i Ahia, Afghanistan: Kapuru;
Saudi Arabia: Riyadi; Armenia: Erevan; Azerbaijan: Baku; Bahrain: Manama; Bangladesh: Dhaka; Bhutan: Tuhinga; Burma: Tuhinga ka whai mai; Brunei: Bandar Seri Begawan; Kamupodia: Phnom Penh; Haina: Beijing; Korea ki te Raki: Pyongyang; Korea ki te Tonga: Seoul; United Arab Emirates: Abu Dhabi; Philippines: Manila; Georgia: Tbilisi; Japan: Tokyo; Horano: Amman; India: New Delhi; Indonesia: Jakarta; Iran: Tehran; Iraq: Baghdad; Iharaira: Hiruharama; Kazakhstan: Astana; Kyrgyzstan: Bishkek; Kuwait: Taone o Kuwait; Laos: Vientiane; Repanona: Beirut; Maldives: Malé; Malaysia: Kuala Lumpur; Mongolia: Ulan Bator; Nepal: Kathmandu; Oman: Mascate; Pakistan: Islamabad; Palestine: Hiruharama ki te Rawhiti; Katara: Doha; Singapore : Singapore; Hiria: Ramahiku; Sri Lanka: Sri Jayawardenapura Kotte; Tajikistan: Dushanbe; Taiwan: Taipei; Thailand: Bangkok; Turkey: Ankara; Turkmenistan: Asgapata; Uzbekistan: Tashkent; Vietnam: Hanoi; Yemen: sana; Paetukutuku Tukutuku Ipurangi mahi i Awherika, Algeria: Whakaputanga; Angola: Luanda; Benin: Benin; Botswana: Gaborone; Burkina Faso: Ouagadougou; Burundi: Bujumbura; Cameroon: Yaounde; Cape Verde: Beach; Tohu: N'Djamena; Kooti: Moroni; Ivory Coast: Yamoussoukro; Ihipa: Kairo; Eritrea: Asmara; Etiopia: Addis Ababa; Gabon: Libreville; Gambia: Banjul; Kana: Accra; Gibuti: Gibuti; Guinea: Conakry; Guinea-Pīhau: Pīhau; Guinea Equatorial: Malabo; Kenya: Nairobi; Lesotho: Maseru; Liberia: Monrovia; Libya: Tripoli; Madagascar: Antananarivo; Malawi: Lilongwe; Nga kino: Bamako; Mauritania: Mauritania; Mauritius: Port Louis; Moroko: Rabat; Mozambique: Maputo; Namipia: Windhoek; Nikera: Niamey; Nigeria: Abuja; Republic o Awherika Central: Bangui; Republic o te Kongo: Brazzaville; Te Repupiripia Manapori o Congo: Kinshas
Share:
Rapua etahi atu korero mai i te Pokapi Tukutuku Ipurangi
Ohauru ki te whiwhi i nga tuhinga hou ma te imeera.
